Lightbridge Corporation Price & Performance (LTBR)

Our earnings press release was distributed, yes, yesterday and can be viewed on the Investor Relations page of the LifeBridge website at www.ltbridge.com. Joining us on the call today is Seth Gray, Chief Executive Officer along with Andre Mushakov, Executive Vice President for Nuclear Operations Scott Holcomb, Vice President of Engineering Larry Goldman, Chief Financial Officer and Sherry Holloway Controller. I want to remind our listeners that any statements on this call that are not historical historical facts are forward looking statements. Today's presentation includes forward looking statements about the company's competitive position and product and service offerings. During today's call, words such as expect, anticipate, believe and intend will be used in our discussion of goals or events in the future. This presentation is based on current expectations and involve certain risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ significantly from such estimates. These and other risks are set forth in more detail in Lightbridge's filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, LifeRich does not assume any obligation to update or revise any such forward looking whether as a result of new developments or otherwise. And with that, I would like to turn the call over to our first speaker, Seth Gray, Chief Executive Officer of Lightbridge.

Hello, Seth. Well, hello and thank you, Matt. And thank you all for joining us to discuss Lightbridge's 2024 Lightbridge. We are gathering at a remarkable moment for nuclear energy. The industry is experiencing what many are calling a renaissance or resurgence With unprecedented support from both the public and private sector in The United States and around the world. This shift isn't just about building new reactors. It's about reimagining nuclear power's role in our clean energy future. We're particularly excited about the transformation in the commercial sector. Major technology companies like Microsoft and Amazon are actively pursuing nuclear power solutions for their data centers to secure reliable, clean, baseload power for critical infrastructure. When tech giants who have built their success on innovation and forward thinking choose nuclear, It sends a powerful message about the future of energy. At Lightbridge, we believe we're uniquely positioned to support this industry transformation. Our metallic fuel technology represents a step change in nuclear fuel performance. We expect the unique multi lobe fuel rod geometry superior heat transfer properties, and lower operating temperatures of our all metal fuel design to offer both economic and safety benefits. That could be transformative for the industry Last month, we took an important step forward by signing a memorandum of understanding with Oaklaud This collaboration could create significant fuel fabric and open up promising opportunities in advanced fuel recycling.

We believe this partnership can help accelerate innovation across the nuclear supply chain Our work with the Department of Energy's National Laboratories continues to advance our research and development initiatives. These partnerships are crucial because they give us access to world class facilities and expertise while maintaining our capital efficient approach to development. We achieved an important manufacturing mile earlier this month at Idaho National Laboratory, our team successfully demonstrated our proprietary coextrusion process a special fabrication technique that combines two elements a uranium zirconium fuel mixture surrounded by a protective zirconium alloy outer layer called the cladding. Using specialized equipment, we created an eight foot long fuel coupon sample INL scientists are now analyzing the coupon sample to verify its quality and fabrication parameters. In Lightbridge, we're focused on ensuring ensuring our fuel technology helps support this nuclear renaissance. Delivering more power while making reactors safer, more efficient and more economical to operate. Now I'll turn the call over to Andrey Mushakov, Executive VP for Nuclear Operations, to begin the review of our fuel development activities. Andre? As Seth mentioned, in January of this year, we announced the signing of Memorandum of Understanding MoU with Opla Ocala is developing advanced micro reactors to provide clean, reliable and affordable energy at scale.

Number one, to conduct a preliminary evaluation of feasibility of co locating a Lightbridge commercial scale fuel fabrication facility at Oakla's proposed commercial fuel fabrication facility site. Number two, to explore opportunities for collaboration on the reprocessing and recycling of spent uranium zirconium fuel number three, to explore any other areas of collaboration that may be of mutual interest. We believe that there may be some potential synergies collocating our commercial scale fuel fabrication facility at Oakwood's proposed Recycling and reprocessing spent uranium zirconium fuel represents another area of potential synergies, particularly as The United States is starting to look more seriously at spent fuel reprocessing options. [indiscernible] Over the past year, we have continued to make progress in our fabrication process demonstration efforts at Idaho National Laboratory or INL. After achieving a critical milestone of extrusion, in unclad cylindrical rod sample of flatbed fuel material, consisting of an alloy depleted uranium in zirconium in March of last year Earlier this month, we announced a successful coextrusion demonstration of our coupon sample consisting of an alloy depleted uranium and zirconium with an outer cladding made of nuclear grade zirconium alloy material at Eircon National Laboratory. The core extrusion process demonstration conducted at INL entailed pricing the metallic alloy billet encased in zirconium alloy cladding through a die to produce a cylindrical rod with a length of approximately eight feet.

INL is currently confirm the as fabricated specifications and other parameters. The coming months, we plan to work with INL to conduct extrusions of samples with enriched uranium and zirconium alloy for radiation testing in the advanced test reactor at Idaho National Laboratory. In addition to our ongoing project at INL, completed a few months ago an engineering study with Rata and ICN to assess the compatibility and solubility of light based fuel for use in candle reactors. Scott will provide additional details on this project. Finally, in early October, Lightbridge presented the technical paper at the Top Fuel twenty twenty four previous fuel development activities. There were two other independent technical studies about Lightbridge Fuel presented at the Technical Conference. One was produced by Massachusetts Institute of Technology or MIT the other one by Structural Integrity Associates or SIA. The MIT study is supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Nuclear Energy University Programs grant simulated the performance of lightbridge fuel in NuScale's Voyager Small Modular Reactor. [indiscernible] The SIA study conducted under a DOE gained regulatory research grant evaluated leverage fuel in a pressurized water reactor PWR under both normal and excellent conditions. These U. S. Government funded studies further validate the enhanced safety and performance of Lightbridge based fuel, particularly its improved performance under extreme conditions.

Now last, Scott Halkam, our Vice President of Engineering, give us additional details on Saudi's ongoing projects and initiatives. [indiscernible] Thank you, Andre. The Ratna ICN Nuclear Research Institute in Romania is recently completed an engineering study to assess the initial feasibility of using Lightbridge fuel in CANDU reactors The results indicate that using our fuel within can provide double the discharge burn up of current can do fuel. These results are encouraging and we plan to perform additional evaluations of Lightbridge Fuel for use in Tandu reactors in twenty twenty five and future years. As Andre mentioned, during the Top Fuel twenty twenty four conference, recently held in Grenoble, France, three papers on Lightbridge fuel were presented. Lightbridge's paper gave an overview of some of the company's previous fuel development activities, including results from an experimental test previously conducted in an overseas test reactor In this test, a Lightbridge metallic Q Rodlet endured approx and still maintained its structural integrity and its coolable geometry. This is in contrast to the expected performance of conventional fuel which would not have been able which would not have been expected to maintain coolable geometry. Under similar conditions, The other two papers presented independent studies conducted by MIT and Structural Integrity Associates comprise simulations of Lightbridge Fuel and a new scale SMR and PWR [indiscernible] According to the MIT study, the main advantages of Lightbridge over conventional fuel are Lightbridge fuels increased heat transfer area, slower operating temperature, a higher margin to critical heat flux or CHF, the self spacing design reduced the radiation induced swelling and lower potential for formation of crud on the fuel rod cladding.

According to the study performed by Structural Integrity Associates, Lightbridge Fuel demonstrates several advantages over conventional fuel in accident conditions. These advantages include lower peak cladding temperature, shorter duration at high temperatures, reduced cladding oxidation cladding stresses insufficient to damage the cladding and enhance safety margins. These studies have confirmed the expected performance of Lightbridge Fuel and provide a basis for continued development and future regulatory licensing efforts. With that, I'll turn the call back over to Seth.

Thank you. Thank you very much, Scott.

Looking at the broader industry, we see positive developments reinforcing our strategy. Countries around the world are recognizing that ensuring energy security requires nuclear power. In 2023, at COP twenty eight, was a watershed moment for our industry. But what's truly exciting is where we're headed. The recently announced Stargate project a $500,000,000,000 AI infrastructure venture, perfectly illustrates the scale of opportunity ahead of us. We're seeing data centers emerge as a completely new market for nuclear power. [indiscernible] that simply didn't exist in any meaningful way even two years ago.

Amazon, Microsoft, Meta and Google. Aren't just talking about nuclear power. They're actively pursuing it through agreements with utilities and investments to help develop and deploy new capacity. This shift is happening because these companies recognize something fundamental. When you need reliable 20 fourseven carbon free power at scale, nuclear is also the best answer. Nuclear power's ability to provide carbon free base flow power is commanding a premium in the market particularly from these hyperscale customers. What's particularly significant is that we're seeing a renaissance in existing nuclear assets. We are seeing capacity upgrades, life extensions, and the recommission of shutdown reactors like Diablo Canyon, Palo 3 Mile Island, and Duane Arnold Diablo Canyon, actually an extension of the license of a reactor that would have closed down The others actually closed, but coming back The market is recognizing the immense value of existing nuclear infrastructure The geopolitical landscape is also reshaping our industry. Russia's invasion of Ukraine has fundamentally altered how countries think about energy security We're seeing this play out in policy discussions across the globe. The United Kingdom and France deploying new plants, Belgium reversing its decision to close all plants, and Canada, Sweden, Romania and Ghana announcing plans for new deployments.

The conversions of energy security concerns with technological innovation is creating unprecedented opportunities. Looking ahead, the International Energy Agency projects nuclear reaching nine sixteen gigawatts electric. We believe that electrifying most transportation and industrial sectors globally while meeting current electricity needs only be achieved with a massive expansion of nuclear power as part of the energy mix several times the amount of nuclear power that is produced today. Right now, nuclear nuclear power provides about 4% of the world's total energy consumption and 9% of global electricity generation That might not sound like a lot, but it represents an enormous foundation for growth.

With over 400 operational nuclear power reactors worldwide, nuclear power is providing carbon free baseload power across the globe.

At Lightbridge, we're positioning ourselves at the intersection of these trends. Our metallic fuel technology can potentially enable a 30% power upgrade in new build water cooled reactors while existing large reactors could achieve upgrades of 17% or potentially higher Our task at Lightbridge is clear. Develop and deploy fuel technology that can help enable this growth safely, efficiently and economically. We're working with the U. S. Department of Energy's National Laboratories to test and demonstrate our technology. We see this is crucial timing Many countries are looking to expand their nuclear power capacity especially given recent concerns about energy security and the need to reduce reliance on fossil fuels. We're backed by a robust portfolio of intellectual property. We aim to help make nuclear power more economical and safer. While supporting the transition to clean energy. We believe this technology could play a vital role in meeting the world's growing energy needs while combating climate change. That's what makes this moment so extraordinary. And that's why I'm more optimistic than ever about our industry's future. I'll now turn the call over to Larry Goldman, Chief Financial Officer to summarize the company's financial Thank you, Seth.

And good morning, everyone. For further information regarding our fiscal year twenty twenty four financial results and disclosures, please refer to our earnings release that we filed yesterday and our annual report on Form 10 ks which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within the next few days. The company's working capital position was $39,900,000 at 12/31/2024, versus $25,800,000 at September 3020 and $28,300,000 at 12/31/2023. Total assets were 41,000,000 and total liabilities were $400,000 at 12/31/2020 Today, we have ample working capital and financial flexibility to support our near term fuel development expenditures, This is very important to Lightbridge and our stockholders as well as our external stakeholders such as the federal government, to ensure that we have sufficient working capital as well as the ability to access capital in the future, in order to conduct our R and D activity.

Total cash and cash equivalents were $40,000,000 as compared to $28,600,000 at December 31, 2023, an increase of $11,400,000 for the fiscal year ended 12/31/2024.

Cash was $26,600,000 09/30/2024.

Total cash used in operating activities for the year ended 12/31/2024 was 9,500,000.0 an increase of 3,000,000 compared to $6,500,000 for the year ended December 3120 The increase was primarily due to increased spending on R and D, G and A expenses and changes in working capital. Which included an increase in prepaid assets of $1,100,000.0 dollars and was partially offset by an increase in accounts payable and accrued liabilities of $200,000 Total cash provided by financing activities for the year ended 12/31/2024 was $20,900,000 an increase of $14,700,000 compared to $6,200,000 for the year ended December 3120 The increase was due to an increase in net proceeds received from the issuance of common stock under our at the market facility, or ATM in the year ended 12/31/2024. Of $15,000,000 partially offset by an increase in net share settlement of equity awards for the payment of withholding taxes of $300,000 In support of our long term business and future financing requirements, with respect to our fuel development, we expect to continue to seek government funding in the future. Along with new strategic alliances that may contain cost sharing contributions and additional funding from others in order to help fund our future R and D milestone.

Leading to the commercialization of Lightbridge Fuel. We currently anticipate investing a approximately $17,000,000 for both capital expenditures and operating expenditures in the R and D of our nuclear fuel for 2025. Regarding our MOU with Elglow, we plan to evaluate the benefits of situating Lightbridge's fuel fabrication operations within the Oak Close proposed commercial fuel fabrication facility. This could potentially lead to cost savings in both the initial capital investment and long term operational expenses. I will now turn the call over to Sherry Hallway, our Controller who will go over our P and L financial information, for the fiscal year twenty twenty four. [indiscernible] Thank you, Larry.

Net loss was $11,800,000 for the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to 7,900,000.0 for the year ended 12/31/2023. Total R and D expenses amounted to $4,600,000 for the year ended 12/31/2024, compared to 1,900,000.0 for the year ended 12/31/2023. An increase of $2,700,000 This increase was primarily due to an increase in R and D activities related to the development of Lightbridge Fuel This increase primarily consisted of an increase in INL project labor costs, $900,000 an increase of outside R and D costs of $400,000 an increase in R and D employees and allocated employee compensation employee benefits of $1,000,000 an increase in quality assurance expenses of $100,000 an increase in RG modeling computer hardware and software and traveling expenses of $200,000 and an increase in stock based compensation expenses of $100,000 Total G and A expenses were $8,500,000 for the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to $7,100,000 for the year ended 12/31/2023. The increase of 1,400,000.0 was primarily due to an increase in employee compensation and employee benefits of $300,000 an increase in consulting fees and professional fees $300,000 an increase in stock based compensation expense of $600,000 an increase in IT expenses of $100,000 an increase in travel and recruitment expenses of $100,000 and an increase in patent expense of $100,000 partially offset by decrease in insurance expense of $100,000 Total stock based compensation included in G and A expenses were $1,700,000 and 1,100,000.0 for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 respectively.

Total other income was 1,300,000.0 for the year ended 12/31/2024, as compared to other income of 1,100,000.0 for the year ended 12/31/2023, an increase of $200,000 The increase in other income was due to an increase in interest income earned from the purchase of treasury bills and from our bank savings account. Back to you, Seth.

Thank you, Sherry.

We will now go to the question and answer session.

Thank you to everyone who has submitted questions. Matt, please go ahead.

Our first question is Lightbridge Fuel suitable for use in SMRs? And if yes, which company or companies do you intend to supply? Okay. Andre?

Yes. We're developing our fuel to be suitable for water cooled small modular reactors or SMRs. Virtually all the power reactors in the world today are large plants cooled by water. We expect that variance of our fuel will be usable in virtually all of those types of plants. Many of the small modular reactors been developed are smaller versions of or cooled reactors and we expect our fuel will be usable in most of them and can provide significant benefits. US Department of Energy's Nuclear Energy University program is fully funding two studies, particularly the SMR that NuScale is developing. One of those studies has been done at MIT and the other one at Texas A and M University.

Thank you. The next question, what is the feedstock for Lightbridge Fuel Where does Lightbridge source its uranium And can you comment on the economics of Lightbridge fuel and what effect if any, tariffs will have on sourcing uranium and future profits.

Okay. I'll take that one, Andrey.

Yes. The main feedstocks are uranium and zirconium. The uranium we are using in our fuel development and testing program at Ryrof National Laboratory has been provided by U. S. Department of Energy stockpiles. For commercial use of light beach fuel, as with all commercial nuclear fuel, each utility will source the uranium that it needs in nuclear fuel that the utility orders. There are major uranium mining companies in several countries including Canada, [indiscernible] we are seeing increased interest in uranium mining within several countries including The United States. If tariffs increase the price of uranium imported from any of these countries That price increase could increase the price of current types of nuclear fuel as well as ours. Domestically sourced uranium would not be subject to tariffs.

Thank you. What is the significance of recent coextrusion demonstrations and what are the next steps?

Okay. One more for you, Andre.

All right. The recent coke extrusion at Alekos National Laboratories Materials and Fuels Complex is significant for several reasons. This extrusion marks the completion of our casting and extrusion demonstration efforts with Idaho National Laboratory, which have been ongoing for about year, year and a half, This demonstration has allowed us using a depleted uranium and zirconium alloy to establish the techniques and processes needed to produce high quality and repeatable castings, billets, sort of a trough.

The recent extrusion also allowed Lightbridge and INL to investigate the key equipment parameters such as temperatures and forces needed to design and produce larger and more detailed co extruded rods. Recently extruded cylindrical rod will be further investigated to give us insights into cladding fuel alloy bond, cladding and fuel grain structure and orientation, as well as the effects of post extrusion heat treatment techniques. Our next steps will be to use the techniques and procedures developed during this demonstration phase to produce coupon samples of leverage fuel alloy using enriched uranium. These extruded samples will be incorporated into advanced pest react experiment capsules later this year expected insertion into the advanced test reactor in early twenty twenty six. This experiment is planned to yield key thermophysical properties of our fuel alloy as a function of burn up which are needed for further fuel design, modeling and regulatory license and activities.

Thank you. What would be the total addressable market for Lightbridge Fuel?

Well, our investor presentation [indiscernible] global total addressable market for commercial nuclear fuel of about $16,700,000,000 including about $4,000,000,000 in The United States The United States and other countries have pledged to support tripling nuclear power globally by 02/1950.

The United States has also pledged to triple nuclear capacity by 02/1950 itself domestically. Next question? Sure. In an interview, it was mentioned that Lightbridge Fuel is non weaponizable. What is the significance of this? And could it open up new markets worldwide to nuclear development?

Well, it's an important subject. Lightbridge Fuel is expected to enhance nuclear These designed in advantages supplement having a inspectors and other means to help avoid proliferation and safety problems at the site of the accident last week in Japan, I'm especially aware of having a advanced technology help avoid problems which I think is a very important benefit of Lightbridge Fuel. There are a bit over 400 operating commercial nuclear reactors in the world Those numbers would triple if the nuclear tripling goal were met with the same power output in new plants. The new plants will likely include some much lower power units in the form of small modular reactors and micro reactors. Which could result in a number of reactors in the world increasing into the thousands Many of those can be at remote locations, such as for power and mining operations or military outposts. We think that such a scenario is likely and makes it even more important to have safety by design in non proliferation by design. Our vision is for Lightbridge Fuel to become the standard nuclear fuel in the world And these kinds of benefits are some of the reasons why we believe our fuel is so is superior for nuclear plants of today and over the coming years. [indiscernible] With possible uranium shortages in the future along with China and Russia having better geopolitical relationships with large scale uranium producers like [indiscernible] Can Lightbridge fuel help fill the uranium disadvantaged gap for The U. S. And play a role in national security We think Lightbridge can definitely help play a role in national security.

Having reliable 20 fourseven clean power important for national security. This can include dedicating nuclear plans to what is called behind the meter taking critical infrastructure such as military bases off the electric grid the grid could be subject to the physical or cyber attack.

And these plants that aren't on the grid could help power very needed facilities through such a situation.

As far as filling the uranium disadvantaged gap is concerned, we believe to mess mining of natural uranium would help wean The United States off relying too much on imported uranium sources and help meet U. S. National security objectives. Lightbridge is not in that business, but we'd certainly like to see more domestic uranium mining That's actually our last question. Okay. Well, I want to thank everybody for participating in today's It's an exciting time for Nuclear and for Lightbridge Lightbridge. We look forward to providing additional updates in the near future. In the meantime, we can be reached at irltbridge.com Stay safe. Stay well. Goodbye everybody.

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