NovoCure Limited Price & Performance (NVCR)

Where appropriate, we may refer to non GAAP financial measures to evaluate our business. Specifically adjusted EBITDA, a measure of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization and share based compensation. We believe adjusted EBITDA is an important metric as it removes the impact of earnings attributable to our capital structure, tax rate and material non cash items and best reflects financial value generated by our business. Reconciliations of non GAAP to GAAP financial measures are included in our press release, earnings slides and in our Form 10 ks filed with the SEC today. These materials can also be accessed from the Investor Relations page of our website. Following our prepared remarks today, we will open the line for your questions. I will now turn the call over to our Executive Chairman, Thank you, Ingrid.

And good morning, everyone. For twenty five years, our mission at NovoCure has been to extend survival for patients with some of the most aggressive forms of cancer developing commercializing our novel therapy tumor treating fields. Prior to 2025, our commercial efforts focused largely on the treatment of glioblastoma. After achieving key milestones in 2024, FDA approval for the treatment of non small cell lung cancer and successful Phase three readouts in pancreatic cancer and brain meds from non small cell lung cancer. 2025 is set to be a defining year for NovoCure. As we move beyond a single indication to become a multi indication oncology company, Our focus now is on execution and bringing TT Fields therapy to many more patients in need. Entering 2024, we define three clear objectives [indiscernible] Grow our core GBM business launch our non small cell lung cancer indication and deliver on the promise am proud to report achieved all of these objectives. In 2024, we generated $6.00 $5,000,000 in net revenue. Growing our global active patient count to over 4,000. We received FDA PMA approval to treat second line non small cell lung cancer with a broad label and immediately began treating patients in The U. S. And we had two additional positive readouts from large randomized Phase three clinical trials.

METIS and BRAINMETS from non small cell lung cancer and PANOVA3 in locally advanced pancreatic cancer. 2024 was a year of strong achievement at NovoCure, and has set the stage for a pivotal year in 2025. In the twenty five years since our founding, We have grown to a team of nearly 1,500 people treated over 35,000 GBM patients and are now poised to reach tens of thousands more with other difficult to treat cancers in the years to come. Our organizational evolution has included preparing to scale our operations to effectively reach these patients while continuing to expand our approved indications. Last year, we announced that Ashley Cordova, our CFO, would succeed our founding CEO, Asaf Donziger, after his retirement in December. And the Christophe Brackman, would be joining our team as our new CFO. The full potential of the Tumor Treating Fields platform. I am pleased to turn the call to Ashley, to provide more detail on our achievements in 2024, and our plans for 2025. Christophe will then review our fourth quarter and full year financial performance after which we will take your questions. Ashley? Thank you, Bill. I am honored to step into the role of Chief Executive Officer at this pivotal moment in Novocure's history.

Our mission has never felt more urgent as we expand our reach to patients facing some of the most challenging solid tumors with significant unmet need.

To provide more detail on Bill's opening remarks, our first objective in 2024 was to grow our GBM business. GBM remains the foundation of our company. Providing financial strength to invest in our pipeline and execute multiple launches. In 2024, we grew active patients by ten percent surpassing 4,000 active patients on therapy for the first time. Our growth was driven by strong performance in multiple markets, including France, now our third largest market, and Germany and Japan. Improved U. S. Approval rates contributed to 2024 top line growth as higher U. S. Net pricing complemented the increase in global active patients. Our second goal Optunelua in second line non small cell lung cancer. Entering the year, we submitted a PMA application to the FDA based on the LUNAR Phase three clinical trial data and began the process of building a thoracic sales force in anticipation of FDA approval. On October 15, we received FDA approval with a broad label including both dasitaxel and physicians choice of immune checkpoint inhibitor as concomitant therapy option. Our Optune Lewis sales team was immediately in the field and between approval and year end, received 52 prescriptions and we finished the year with 20 active patients on therapy.

We are pleased with these initial results And the early feedback from patients and physicians is promising. Patients are eager to access a new unique therapy in non small cell lung cancer. And we are seeing interest from thoracic oncologists Medical oncologist, and radiation oncologists in both concomitant chemotherapy and immunotherapy options. While early demand is promising, we remind investors that we are currently in the process of securing reimbursement and these negotiations take time. We expect payer coverage milestones in 2025 with material revenue ramping in 2026. As coverage expands. Our final 2024 objective was to deliver on the promise of our clinical pipeline in indications with extremely high unmet need. In March, we announced successful top line results from our Phase three METIS trial investigating tumor treating field therapy for the treatment of brain metastasis from non small cell lung cancer following stereotactic radiosurgery. METIS met its primary endpoint. Patients treated with tumor treating DL therapy exhibited twenty one point nine months median time to intracranial progression compared to eleven point three months for patients treated with supportive care. In December, we announced successful top line results from our Phase three PENOVA three trial investigating tumor treating field therapy together with gemcitabine and nabtech clituxol for the treatment of unresectable locally advanced pancreatic cancer.

PENOVA three also met its primary endpoint, as patients randomized to receive tumor treating fields there demonstrated median overall survival of sixteen point two months, compared to fourteen point two months the control arm. PENOVA three is the first and only Phase III trial to demonstrate a statistically significant survival benefit in this notoriously difficult to treat patient population. Early reactions from key pancreatic physicians have been very supportive. And we look forward to presenting the full dataset at a medical conference later this year. [indiscernible] three represent major opportunities to expand our market reach as each serves patient populations with extremely high unmet need. Brain metastasis from non small cell lung cancer and locally advanced pancreatic cancer together with our recent lung cancer launch have the potential to increase our eligible patient population to 7x our GBM opportunity. Beyond these near term catalysts, we continue to invest in our pipeline in GBM, lung and pancreatic cancers. With ongoing trials like Trident, KEYNOTE-fifty eight and PENOVA four we see additional label expansion potential over the next few years. To touch on these trials quickly, our Phase three Trident trial in GBM is studying the addition the addition of tumor treating field therapy to chemo radiation rather than starting after chemo radiation.

Potentially increasing the duration and efficacy benefit of tumor treating field. Trident is fully enrolled and we expect data in the first half of twenty twenty six. Our other pipeline trials are studying the concomitant use of Tumor Treating Fields therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors. A regimen that showed immense promise in the LUNAR dataset. These trials include our Phase three LUNAR-two, our Phase two LUNAR-four, our Phase III KEYNOTE-eighty-fifty eight and our Phase two PANOVA IV trial. The first three trials are open and enrolling. [indiscernible] And we expect data in the first half of twenty twenty six. These trial represent the next wave of innovation in NovoTure's clinical pipeline with the potential to significantly expand the use of Tumor Treating Fields therapy in the cancers where we have already established clinical benefit. Beyond the progress made advancing our clinical pipeline, We achieved key milestones in our product development program. With the approval of our HFE arrays in The U. S. And Japan. The HFE arrays are thinner, lighter and more flexible than our legacy arrays. We are rolling out the HFE arrays in all major markets, and feedback has been very encouraging. We believe the rollout of our next generation HFE array is an important reducing barriers to adoption, and ultimately expanding the market for tumor treating deal therapy.

As we reflect on the progress it the NovoTear story has substantially evolved. With the binary clinical events of prior years behind us, we are now focused on execution. 2025 is off to a strong start and we expect to reach multiple important milestones this year. In lung cancer, we will continue to provide insights into the progress of our Optune LUA Launch. We Will Pursue Clinical Guidelines And Reimbursement In The U. S. And regulatory approvals in Europe and Japan. In BrainMyths, we expect to publish the METAS trial results and are engaged with the FDA in pre submission discussions in anticipation of submitting a PMA application later this year. In pancreatic cancer, we expect to present the PENOVA data at an upcoming medical conference followed by publication in a peer reviewed journal. And again, we are engaged with the FDA and pre submission discussion in anticipation of submitting a PMA application later this year. With FDA breakthrough designation for both brain and pancreatic cancer, we have the potential for launches in both indications in 2026. 2025 marks the beginning of a new era NovoCure's journey. As we evolve, from one indication in GBM to a multi indication platform therapy company.

The vision is clear, We are working to extend survival for as many patients as possible as we build on an incredibly strong foundation.

With that, I would like to turn the call over to our newest executive Christophe Brockman.

Thank you, Ashley, and thank you all for joining us this morning. This is an incredibly exciting time for NovoCure as we pivot from a single indication to a multi indication company and I feel very privileged to be joining NovoCure at this unique time. 2024 was a year of successful execution and growth. We generated revenues of $161,000,000 in the fourth quarter of twenty twenty four an increase of 21% compared to the same period in 2023, and $6.00 $5,000,000 for the full year an increase of 19% year over year. This growth was primarily driven by our continued launch [indiscernible] strong active patient growth in Germany and Japan, and significantly improved approval rates in The U. S. Which are now reflected in our revenue baseline. Improved approval rates The U. S, resulted in $8,300,000 of revenue from prior period claims during the quarter and $22,300,000 for the full year. 2025 revenue growth is expected to closely reflect growth in Optune GEO active patients. As the GBM business reaches maturity, we expect to continue to grow at a low mid single digit rate this year. On the lung side, as Ashley explained earlier, Our focus this year is on educating physicians generating demand, and negotiating payer coverage.

We anticipate meaningful revenue contribution starting in 2026 as coverage expands. Looking further ahead, we believe we have a clear path to address the patient population in multiple indications taken together is seven times larger our GBM opportunity and we are very focused on execution to reach these patients. Our gross margin in the fourth quarter was 7977% for the full year 2024 compared to 75% in 2023. The improvement in gross margin is due to the increase in net revenue per [indiscernible] primarily attributed to our improved approval rates in The U. S. This year, we expect the global launch of the HFEA race in the non small cell lung cancer launch to be headwinds to gross margin. Regarding the ongoing global trade discussions, our global manufacturing supply chain networks allow for flexibility capacity optimization. Based on current estimates, we do not foresee a material impact to margins in the short term but we will continue to monitor this fluid situation Sales and marketing expenses in the fourth quarter were Reflecting increases of 145% respectively compared to prior year periods. G and A expenses in the fourth quarter were $72,000,000 and $190,000,000 for the full year reflecting increases of 8416% respectively primarily driven by stock based compensation expenses related to the lung approval.

Excluding stock based compensation, G and A expenses for the full year were lower than 2023 driven by our 2023 restructuring efforts. Looking ahead, as our thoracic sales forces in The U. S. And Germany are now fully staffed, we would expect some incremental expense primarily for marketing and in preparation for launch in additional countries. Research and development costs for the fourth quarter were $51,000,000 bringing the annual total $10,000,000 decreases of 6% from both prior periods. We anticipate our R and D expenses to be roughly stable in 2025. Net loss for the fourth quarter was $66,000,000 or $0.61 per share. Net loss for the year was $169,000,000 or $1.56 per share. Adjusted EBITDA for the fourth quarter was $3,000,000 an increase of $34,000,000 from Q4 twenty twenty three and full year adjusted EBITDA was $1,000,000 an increase of $107,000,000 compared to last year. This increase in adjusted EBITDA was driven by growth in net revenue, as well as disciplined management of operating expenses. While we continue to invest in growth opportunities, profitability remains an important goal at NovoCure and something we are actively driving towards. We anticipate generating positive adjusted EBITDA on a sustainable basis once we generate more material revenue from new indications.

Cash and cash equivalents $960,000,000 as of 12/31/2024. As a reminder, we have a $561,000,000 convertible note outstanding which comes due in the fourth quarter. We believe the combination of cash on hand and funds available via our credit facility provide us with the necessary capital to pay the convertible note in full and fund operations for the foreseeable future. I would like to turn the call now back to Ashley for closing comments. Thank you, Christophe. To close, our vision is clear.

We are striving to extend survival in some of the most aggressive forms of cancer. With the binary clinical events of prior years behind us, we are now focused on execution. This year marks the beginning of a new era NovoCure's journey. As we evolve from a single GBM indication into a multi indication platform company. And if we look beyond the next two years, we are only scratching the surface of what Tumor Treating Fields Therapy could afford patients. I'll now turn the call back to the operator. Our first question comes from the line of Jonathan Chang with Leerink Partners. Your line is now open. Can you provide any more granularity on when and where we might see the PENOVA full data presentation? And can you provide any color on what we could learn we get the full presentation versus the top line disclosure at the end of last year? Thank you.

Jonathan, this is Ashley.

I'll start and then and then Nicholas can jump in with more granularity. But the short answer is unfortunately, we can't provide soon is what we shared, as soon as we can. Get this Panuvia through that out, we will. We're targeting all of the obvious conferences in the spring, but we'll be able to share more once we we have confirmed acceptance.

Thank you, Ashley. This is Nicholas. Thank you, Jonathan, for that question. I don't have much to add to this. I mean these are really important data and we are thrilled to present them soon.

Got it. Thanks.

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Jason Bednar with Piper Sandler.

Your line is now open.

Hello. Good morning.

Wanted to start on the long side. A lot of investor questions just around the trajectory of the the lung launch after what was a pretty good start. I think a lot of us can agree in the fourth quarter And I don't expect you to guide scripts or patients but do you have targets on these metrics you'd consider a success when you look at this year and next? And also what does the trajectory look like in The U. S. Here as we think about the kind of the cadence of '25? And then if at all, I'm sorry to layer on a few here, but can you talk about just the early experience of like patient compliance, doctors being repeat customers, the actual expansion of your doctor customer base and lung, anything there would be helpful? Hi, Jason. This is Frank. Thank you for the questions.

I'll start off in terms of talking about our objectives for the launch and how that maps out to to volume growth. First, what we what we've said before is true that we're really focused on getting the right physician with the right patient at the right time. As our initial launch objective and that's that's to take the learnings from GBM, we want to ensure a really strong positive first experience for the physician and the patient. Which then builds confidence for that next prescription and an expansion within that physician's practice.

It also ensures that we have what I would say are really good cases to argue with the insurance companies as we move towards coverage. And that's really the second prong of our launch strategy, which is that we need to build up enough experience working with the payers that we eventually drive towards positive coverage policies with commercial payers and then turn that over into a positive Medicare coverage policy. So all that said, we don't as you know, we don't guide but we are looking to build on this strong start and to build up a sufficient volume of patients this year that we have those good relationships with practices and good interactions with payers. I think in terms of give just a couple of anecdotes, yes, sort of how is the launch going. I was at the ISLAQ targeted therapies last week and I was really pleased to see that in the emerging therapies section they had included tumor treating fields along with all of the other new targeted therapies that are in Phase II and Phase III programs.

And I think that's an early sign that the lung cancer community has gone from not knowing about Tumor Treating Fields to being skeptical of Tumor Treating Fields perhaps at the first release to now saying, okay, let's understand this data in the context of the emerging landscape of treatment of lung cancer. So we've been really pleased on that front. And happy to take happy to add additional color if there's different areas you'd like me to go into. That's helpful, Frank. Do appreciate it. Maybe one follow-up just since you've opened the door a little bit on the payer side. Just I think Ashley mentioned in her prepared remarks that we should have coverage wins that start to occur this year. [indiscernible] how are those discussions going? Can you talk about maybe the pacing of when you expect we'll see these? What are these payers actually looking at besides just the data And then within that context, can you also talk about whether you expect commercial payers Medicare to establish new codes to utilize existing codes from GBM when adding non small cell [indiscernible] Thank you.

Yes.

So I'd say, first, it's too early to comment on payer interactions just because it's talking about the initial 20 patient cohort. But I would say that or to comment in detail, but what I can say at a high level is that it's It's above our expectation so far. So we feel like we're in a good on a good path with the payers.

They really are it's a focus. What are the payers looking at? I think first and foremost, it's the same thing that physicians look at, which is that there's a complete unmet need.

Treatment in the second line second line for non small cell lung cancer in Stage four. So that's always a good place to start with payers. In terms of the Then in terms of just the general trajectory with payers, what we've said consistently is we think it will take us about one to two years with the commercial payers to build up coverage policies and that Medicare would lag about a year behind that.

And that's still what we're thinking.

The only other thing I would add is this is the beauty of having a multi indication platform as we get to leverage our experience and the knowledge that we've built up in GBM. Directly in the lung cancer indication. So this is a process we know how to do. And we're doing it with the same team. That have so successfully executed in GMM.

Thanks, sorry.

Anything on the coating That's right. Sorry, I really didn't answer that part. Thanks, Jason.

On the codes, we expect to utilize the same we are utilizing the same codes and expect to continue to do so.

Okay. Thanks so much.

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Larry Biegelsen with Wells Fargo. Your line is now open. Good morning. It's Lei calling in for Larry.

Thanks for taking my questions. Just first, on this call so far, you mentioned several times. About improved U. S. Approval rates that contribute to revenue in 2024 Can you give any more color on how much that improvement was as far as revenue or revenue growth and if we could see that improve further in 2025? And related to that, in 2024, you had some benefit from collections in The U. S. Revenue and any thoughts on how we should think about in 2025? I guess really looking at it bigger picture is when you look at consensus, is there anything that's might be missing on either of those points or any other factors? And I have a follow-up.

Yes. Thank you for the question. This is Christophe. So happy to provide some color on this. Growth in 2024 in total from improved approval rates was $42,000,000 driven by The U. S. Now $22,000,000 of that was from prior periods, so sort of a one off windfall that we had in the prior year. Going forward, we do not comment on the exact level of fuel rates, but it is at a level where we believe there is not much room for improvement. And hence, we do not expect similar impacts going forward. And that's what we said in the prepared remarks. We expect the growth to be in line with Optune Geo active patients growth. And I think that probably answers the question.

And we do think I think this is fairly well reflected in the consensus level.

Got it. Thank you. And for my follow-up, you mentioned that [indiscernible] Should we expect these in '25 or '26? Can you share that? And related to that, you mentioned filings for both later this year. That's probably a little later than we expected. Are you just being conservative there?

Is anything we should think about as far as the process? Thank you again for taking questions. [indiscernible] No, I think I'll start there. So the short answer, yes, you should expect publication this year, in process to finalizing submissions. We're finalizing the manuscript drafts and they'll go in. And we are in the process of having active discussions with the FDA. We have breakthrough device designation on both of these indication which provides us the opportunity to go back and forth with some interactive review questions prior to the form of filing and we're in that process right now. So I wouldn't read anything into timing other than the fact that we're in that kind of pre sub process. Right now and we'll move it through to filing as soon as possible, but this is an area probably goes slow to go fast. And we're in the interactive review part of the process right now. I do think it's important why we talk about these milestones to ground everybody though in the data and the TAM. Right? These are both indications where we have a significant unmet need where there is the first advance ever for these specific populations reflected in the breakthrough device designation and both of these provide a TAM expanded opportunity that is a multiple of what we have in GBM.

And as you look at the three in aggregate, you've heard us say before 7x the GBM opportunity. So we are eager to get these in market as you all are to have us have them in market because it is a real transformative opportunity for the company. Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Vijay Kumar with Evercore ISI. Your line is now open.

Hey guys, good morning and thanks for taking my question. My first one was on the long side the 52 plus script Q4. Should we model a sequential step up throughout the year when you look at that 50 group starting point and 20 active patients?

Any goalpost on what percentage of covered lives should we expect to have some sort of coverage by end of 'twenty five, end of 'twenty Yes. It's probably too soon for us to give you specific numbers, Vijay. You'll see a track out. What we'll say is that certainly you should expect it to grow throughout the course of the year. This is a growth this is a launch, right? So you would expect these numbers to trend up. In terms of pace, what we will say is we're pleased and it's in line with expectations, but it is focused on right patient, right time. And the same with the payer. We'll let you know as soon as we have an track record to give you an anchor number, but we're not there yet. We would expect to exit though 25 with substantial experience to drive revenue in '26. And then maybe Frank, anything you can add on Yes. Vijay, thanks for the question. I'd just add in terms of color on the launch, what we're really looking at right now is the is the interactions we're having with our physicians and the patient profiles that are coming in. And what we're really pleased with is that we're seeing patients getting tumor treating fields plus immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Which to us is a good sign because we know that's a a robust market.

Understood. And sorry, just when you make that comment, substantial revenues in 2026, safe to assume at least a quarter of covered lives are under some sort of coverage exiting '25 Would that be a reasonable assumption? [indiscernible] What we have said in the past, Vijay, is that commercial will come first. We expect that to On Kansas opportunity. So those are statements you can't Understood. Then a couple of P and L questions. One on China, Q4 revenues declined sequential. Was that a timing element, maybe talk about what's happening in China?

I'd say that has more to do with the the ending of the amortization of the royalty. They are They are let me remind everybody that China number includes both their purchases for future product, a royalty on sales and the amortization of other royalties in that agreement. And I would say it's largely driven by timing of purchases and the roll off of the amortization.

Sorry. So we just when you look forward actually is the fiscal 2024 revenue base for China, should that grow or Or is that like flattish or should that be down?

What I will say is you should look at Q4 as the baseline that include in the royalty. So that's a good baseline and then I would kick Tobias to answer their expectations about growth.

Understood. And then maybe one on margins for cash flow think you mentioned gross margin should be down for fiscal twenty twenty five. Given the new launches. Can you quantify that I think related, you said OpEx to the step up, Is the step up in OpEx should that be in line with revenues above revenues and what are the implications of free cash flows if gross margins are down and OpEx is stepping up? Yes. Ivy James, first of all, I can take that. So on maybe gross margin first. The gross margin in the quarter, but also for the year, was quarter was 79%, year was 77%. Benefited from the increased approval rates and specifically also from benefit that we had from prior period claims. So for the full year, that was $22,000,000 If you adjust that on gross margin, you would be looking at gross margins in the mid-70s. I think that's a good sort of anchor. Now what we also said in 2025, we expect headwinds on gross margin from two sides. One is rollout of the new head array which is lighter and thinner. And more flexible, so a significant benefit to our patients, but it comes at this point at a higher cost.

So as we roll this out in U. S, there will be headwind on gross margin. And the second headwind on gross margin is On the launch of the on the launch side, as we go at risk and prepare for negotiate for payer coverage, that's an impact on gross margin. So long story short, we expect the gross margin to get closer to the lower 70s it's a temporary effect and we would then expect it to revert. On the expense side, as we are in launch mode, we would expect some incremental expenses, particularly on the sales and marketing side, And on the G and A side, it's very moderate. [indiscernible] But I would just reiterate that we feel confident that we have the financial strength and the cash balance that we need to kind of get through these both periods. Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Jessica Fye with JPMorgan. Your line is now open. Hey, good morning guys. This is Tanmay on for Jess.

Could you talk about what's the current number of active patients on for lung cancer in The U. S? And how does it compare to 20 active patients you reported at the end of twenty twenty four? And also maybe a comment on what factors do you think are driving or hindering that patient adoption here? Yes. So I think first off, we don't comment on progress in intra quarter. So I can't comment on additions from the 20 patients at year end. But what I can in terms of the concept of the or in terms of commenting on what we think is driving adoption rate, I'll just highlight an anecdote or a story that I was able to interact last week with two different physicians who are now multi indication physicians for [indiscernible] the treated patients with glioblastoma had long term success stories. Both then participated in medical oncology trials for us with Panova and Wuhner. And these two physicians now both have patients being treated on prescription order for lung cancer as well as patients in clinical trials for GBM or for other indications. And so I think we're seeing the early benefits of being a multi indication company and that's really exciting for us.

Great. And maybe if I can squeeze in one more. How do you think about the drivers for revenue growth in 2025? Maybe a comment on that would be really helpful. Yes, I would say $25,000,000 is really going to be a kind of demand generation year, which will unlock material revenue contribution in '26. Which will come principally from Z1 cancer indication, Again, we've reminded everybody that GBM is a very solid foundation that funds our investments in R and D, but that the real unlock in growth will come from the launch and launch. And then as we look ahead in 2026, we'll layer on Medison PDNOVA there with those launches. '25 is the demand. Generation year.

Great. Thank you.

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Emily Bodner with H. C. Wainwright. Your line is now open. Hi, good morning. Thanks for taking the questions. I guess the first one, on the long launch with the initial patients, received prescriptions, are they mainly like PD-one? Are you [indiscernible] And then are you seeing patients who have or taking those TAKAL and PD-one inhibitors or is it mostly one or the other?

Yes. So I think thank you for the question. This is Frank. We are seeing what I'll comment on is to say that we are seeing patients receive both docetaxel and immune checkpoint inhibitors concurrent with tumor treating field. So we're seeing both populations We are also seeing retreatment with ITI or continuation of treatment for patients who have had ICI in the front line. And overall, we're seeing what I would describe as a good demographic mix of patients. Wouldn't go much further than that right now and say that those key metrics that we look at all look balanced and in the right direction.

Okay, great. Thank you. Thank you. And I'm currently showing no further questions at this time. I'd like to hand the call back over to Bill Doyle for closing remarks.

So I'd like to conclude this call as I always by first thanking all of our NovoCure colleagues for their hard work and their dedication to our patients And I'd like to thank you for your continued interest in NovoSure. Earnings call since our IPO in 2015, And I believe it marks a true [indiscernible] a true moment in history of this company As I was reflecting on the script, As we were editing it and putting it together, This next chapter as we move and grow from our foundation in GBM, to a global multi indication cancer company is is something I think that all of us should be proud of and excited for As we continue to pursue our mission to help patients extend their survival with some of the most aggressive forms of cancer. So thank you. This concludes today's conference call. Thank you for your your participation. You may now disconnect.