UL Solutions Inc. Price & Performance (ULS)

Please see the disclosure statement on Slide two of the earnings presentation as well as the disclaimers in our earnings release concerning forward looking statements and the risk factors that are described in our UL report on Form 10 ks for the year ended December 31, [indiscernible] We assume no obligation to update any forward looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date hereof except as required by law, Today's presentation also includes references to non GAAP financial A reconciliation to the most comparable GAAP financial measure can be found in the appendix to the earnings presentation. With that, I would now like to turn the call over to Jane.

Good morning, everyone, and thanks for joining UL. This time last year, we were gearing up for our IPO in the Roche show to highlight what makes UL Solutions unique As we met with potential investors, we talked about how we are a global safety science leader and a mission driven growth company in the fragmented and consolidating testing, inspection and certification industry. Hallmarks of our business include longstanding deep customer relationships and recurring revenue streams, global scale and operating leverage a healthy balance sheet, and a disciplined capital allocation strategy aligned with the megatrends propelling growth. Against this backdrop, I'm delighted to report that UL Solutions has concluded an extraordinary year with another quarter of outstanding performance. Our first year as a public company, we've delivered strong organic growth enhanced profitability and generated robust cash flows while maintaining an investment grade balance sheet. What's particularly gratifying is the balance strength we've seen across all segments service offerings and geographic regions.

The key megatrends we've identified, including the global energy transition, electrification of everything, and digitalization continued to drive strong demand for our industry leading services. I'll cover three areas before turning the call over to Ryan. First, our full year performance highlights.

Second, notable achievements and activities across 2024 and third, our financial position and capital allocation strategy for 2025. 2024 marked a pivotal year in UL's one hundred and thirty year history. Our successful transition to a public company while maintaining focus on delivering superior results demonstrates the exceptional execution capabilities of our team. I want to express my deep appreciation to our employees whose dedication to safety, scientific UL, and customer service defines our culture and drives our success. Ryan will dive into the fourth quarter numbers in a minute. So let me hit the high notes of our full year 2024 results. Built strong momentum across the course of the year. Delivering revenues of $2,900,000,000 up 7.2% versus 2023 and up 8.7% on an organic basis. Our UL segment led the way with 9.4% full year growth including 11.9% on an organic basis. While our consumer segment grew 5.6%, including a 6.9% on an organic basis. Our Software and Advisory segment completed the year with 5% including 4.4% on an organic basis. Results reflected growth across all geographic regions. Adjusted EBITDA for the full year grew 16.5% And adjusted EBITDA margin expanded by 190 basis points. And $287,000,000 of free cash flow for the full year.

Next, let me highlight our major accomplishments to this year as well as a few achievements and drivers of performance. This quarter and subsequent to its end. As well as a follow on offering of shares from our largest shareholder in September. We made two acquisitions in our Industrial segment related to the global energy transition. Battery testing company, battery engineer and hydrogen testing company, TestNet. Our recent accelerated pace of capital spending resulted in the opening of our state of the art battery testing lab in Auburn Hills, Michigan. Also expanded capacity at our Mexico lab to meet growing product demand in Latin America and announced plans to construct an advanced automotive and battery testing center in Korea. Finally, let me comment on our disciplined approach to capital allocation activities during the year.

Our strong revenue growth and resilient business model along with an investment grade balance sheet, allowed us to generate robust cash flow. Key actions in addition to the two acquisitions I just mentioned this year included reinvesting organically $237,000,000 in capital expenditures to drive growth. Paying down $166,000,000 of borrowings from our credit facility, and paying $100,000,000 in dividends. [indiscernible] We believe that we enter 2025 in an even stronger position. Than when we began our public company journey. Our management team remains focused on maintaining our investment grade rating and conservative leverage while actively pursuing strategic M and A opportunities and returning excess capital to shareholders. Now I'll turn the call over to Ryan for a detailed review of our fourth quarter UL. Thank you, Jenny, and hello, everyone.

I also want to thank all of our team members for delivering another strong quarter and full year 2024. Jenny did an excellent job of summarizing our I'll focus my comments on the fourth quarter and segment results before closing with some comments on our initial 2025 full year outlook, [indiscernible] a continuation of strong growth adjusted EBITDA margin expansion and solid cash generation. As Jenny mentioned, it's encouraging to see that revenue growth once again of occurred across all of our segments and all of our geographies. Now let me dive into the details of the quarter. Consolidated revenue of $739,000,000 was up 8% over the prior year quarter, including organic growth of 9.5%.

Increase reflected particular strength in the UL segment which delivered robust 13.9% organic growth. [indiscernible] Cost of revenue for the quarter increased by 6% as compared to the prior year period due to increased depreciation related to capacity expansion, services and materials costs related to high volumes and lab startup, and employee compensation. SG and A expenses as a percentage of revenue decreased 200 basis points 33.8% in the 31.8% in Q4 of twenty twenty four.

Adjusted EBITDA for the quarter was $169,000,000 an improvement of 27.1% year over year. Adjusted EBITDA margin was 22.9%, up three fifty basis points from the same period a year ago, on particular strength both the UL and consumer segments.

Our effective tax rate for the full year was 16.9%, and in the fourth quarter we benefited from a reduction in uncertain tax positions as a result of the expiration of a statute of limitations.

Adjusted net income for the fourth quarter was $102,000,000 up 64.5% from $62,000,000 in the fourth quarter of twenty twenty three.

Adjusted diluted earnings per share was $0.49 up from $0.29 in the fourth quarter of twenty twenty three.

Now let me turn to our performance by segment, starting with Industrial.

The megatrends of global energy transition the electrification of everything and digitalization are driving tremendous innovation and demand for our services in the UL segment.

Helping it once again deliver the strongest revenue growth of the three segments for the quarter. Revenues in Industrial rose 11.6% to $328,000,000 or 13.9% on an organic basis as compared to the fourth quarter of twenty twenty three.

This marks seven consecutive quarters of double digit organic revenue growth.

Those impressive gains were driven by growth in all of our service lines, In the quarter, we believe ongoing certification services growth benefited from increased activity from manufacturers ahead of potential tariffs. Certification testing growth was led by energy, [indiscernible] And we expect a normalization of demand in ongoing certification services in 2025. Adjusted EBITDA for the UL segment increased 32.9% to $105,000,000 in the quarter, while adjusted EBITDA margin improved five ten basis points to 32%. The higher organic revenue was Now turning to the consumer segment. Revenues in Consumer were $3.00 $9,000,000 up 5.5% or 6.5% on an organic basis. The improvement was driven by demand across non certification testing certification testing as well as ongoing certification services. We saw particularly strong demand across retail, and consumer technology. Adjusted EBITDA for the quarter in consumer was $49,000,000 an increase of 25% versus the fourth quarter last year.

Adjusted EBITDA margin for the quarter was 14.6%, increase of two thirty basis points year over year driven by higher revenues.

Solid organic revenue growth partially offset by increases in employee compensation.

Expense actions taken in 2023 reduced the impact of these cost increases and contributed to margin improvement. We mentioned last quarter how we're adding capacity at various consumer facilities increasing our footprint and improving how we connect with customers in order to meet increasing testing demand. And that work continues. Our third segment is software and advisory. Revenues for that segment were $102,000,000 an increase of 5.2% year over year on both a total and organic basis. The improvement was driven by strong demand for software including retail product compliance, and sustainability solutions. Adjusted EBITDA for the quarter for software and advisory was $19,000,000 up a 5.6% increase as compared to the fourth quarter of last Adjusted EBITDA margin for the quarter was 18.6%, flat year over year.

As higher revenues were offset by increases in services and materials.

Turning to our cash generation. For the full year 2024, we generated $524,000,000 of cash from operating activities, that compares to $467,000,000 The improvement was driven by business performance and lower cash incentive [indiscernible] Capital expenditures for the full year 2024 were $237,000,000 compared to $215,000,000 in 2023 UL.

We continue to make important investments in global energy transition opportunities, throughout 2024, which remains a focus area for UL Solutions. Free cash flow for the full year was $287,000,000 compared to $252,000,000 in 2023 despite higher level of growth investments. We finished the year with $298,000,000 of cash in cash equivalents. The strength of our balance sheet is reflected in our investment grade credit A robust balance sheet and cash flow generation give us great flexibility to invest in organic initiatives, accretive acquisitions and to pursue a number of value enhancing ways intended to produce best in class shareholder returns. As Jenny said, in 2024, we opened new labs, we broke ground on others and completed two acquisitions to better align our business with the megatrends driving demand for our services. In addition, we paid down $166,000,000 on our credit facilities and returned $100,000,000 to our shareholders through quarterly dividends.

Now turning to our initial 2025 full year outlook.

As a reminder, organic growth is constant currency and excludes acquisitions and divestitures. We expect 2025 consolidated organic revenue growth to be in the mid single digits range as compared to our full year 2024 results. It's a testament to the strength and diversity of our offerings and the outstanding execution by our team that we believe we're in a position to deliver mid single digit revenue growth following 8.7% organic revenue growth in 2024.

Improvement to approximately 24% for the full year 2025.

Which I'm pleased to say is in line with our longer term targets communicated last April at the time of the IPO. As a reminder, we have a number of ways to drive margin expansion for the company.

A mix benefit as industrial growth outpaces the other segments and a continued focus on productivity gains.

Additionally UL, we look at M and A opportunities in our strategic end markets that present a path to margin and earnings accretion. While also evaluating portfolio realignment. [indiscernible] expect capital expenditures to be approximately 7% to 8% of revenue in 2025, with investments in new labs and customer facing software continuing as we seek to match continued strong customer demand in all three segments.

This is down modestly but roughly flat sequentially and still above our longer term historical average.

We estimate our effective tax rate in 2025 to be approximately 26%.

This compares to an effective rate of six with the anticipated change due primarily to additional implementation of the OECD's pillar two provisions which affects how multinational corporations are taxed.

We also experienced a benefit in 2024 from a significant release of tax reserves that is not expected to recur in 2025. While our guidance is for the full year 2025, let me provide you with some additional color with regard to seasonality. As a reminder, Q1 is typically our lowest revenue quarter in terms of dollars given the Lunar New Year holiday impact on our customer operations, and fewer UL workdays as compared to the other quarters. This results in slightly less operating leverage therefore profitability in Q1 compared to the other quarters. In addition, we face increasingly challenging comps in the second half of twenty twenty five.

We entered 2025 with strong UL. Growing faster than the market while improving profitability and cash generation. Our investment grade balance sheet provides flexibility for strategic capital deployment as we work to deliver superior shareholder value.

Now let me turn the call back to Jenny for closing remarks. Thanks, Ryan.

As I mentioned last quarter, occasionally we will highlight for you some important and high profile work we do as a leading expert in safety science. Late December, we announced that the U. S. Federal Communications Commission named UL Solutions as lead administrator of the new U. S. Cyber Trustmark program, which will help equip qualifying smart products such as voice activated speakers or kitchen appliances with the cybersecurity safety label. We were honored to receive this designation as UL Solutions will support the FCC and other stakeholders in establishing the technical requirements and other details that will help launch and grow. The program. The voluntary Cyber Trustmark program is designed to help about the products they bring into their homes, differentiate trustworthy products in the marketplace and create incentives for manufacturers to meet cybersecurity standards. Congratulations to our team for all of their hard work on this program. To wrap up, our exceptional 2024 performance built on our successful IPO and should position us strongly for 2025 and beyond. While we've just achieved remarkable results in our long history, in many ways, we're just getting started. We stand on the shoulders of generations of safety scientists who have made the world a better place and we carry that legacy with pride.

We believe the megatrends driving our markets from the global energy transition to sustainability align well With our strong balance sheet, robust cash flow and clear strategic direction we believe that we're well positioned to deliver exceptional long term value to all stakeholders. Let's open the line for questions.

Will now begin the question and answer session. And our first question comes from Stephanie Yee from JPMorgan.

Hi, good morning.

I was wondering if you can I was wondering if you can comment on your 2025 outlook by each of your three segments?

Sure. Well, we're pleased to continue our path of growth after a strong year in 2024. [indiscernible] we see opportunity in each of the three segments. The primary trends within the UL continue Our progress in consumer including adding some new capacity and improving those operations continue And we're pleased with progress in the last quarter with software and advisory, particularly on the software side of the business.

So I say our our outlook for revenue growth is on a consolidated basis, but we see each of the segments contributing And I guess could you comment on comparison versus 2024, in particular with what they're you expect the strength to continue. I noticed you mentioned that ongoing certification, maybe there is some pull forward into the fourth quarter. Maybe that piece is going to moderate or normalize in 2025, but [indiscernible] Great question, Stephanie. And I'll start by saying, we are really proud of the fact that our industrial team has consecutive quarters of double digit growth. And what we saw in 2024 is every end market, every region. And so it comes down to those megatrends that we talk about. The global energy transition is real. And we see it empowering controls we see it in the uptick in data centers, particularly to serve the AI market, which those data centers need about twice as much power as a normal data center. [indiscernible] that ticks into that digitalization trend and the ways in which you have to change out hardware or storage systems to better use power to be more efficient and then surround that with cooling and HVAC systems and energy storage system [indiscernible] and then extended to the grid.

So these trends UL are real. And we're excited about working with our customers on [indiscernible] certification testing and non certification testing And then we also understand that there's a balance of all four of our service lines across each of our segments. And so we have to look at the way that those services balance across all of that demand. Stephanie, just to build on your question, about ongoing certification services. And then as you know, the majority of our revenue streams are not affected by production volumes. They're based the number of models in the market and the pace of new product [indiscernible] However, some of our services within ongoing certification services are affected by manufacturing activity. And it's difficult to precisely attribute increases in ongoing search directly to tariff anticipation, However, we did see a material pickup in revenue. And so as an UL, for the first three quarters of twenty twenty four, ongoing certification grew about 8% In Q4, it grew about 12%. And the increase in growth on a consolidated basis contributed about 1% to our consolidated revenue growth. It's possible that pulling forward some of that demand may result may result in slightly lower growth in 2025 and a tougher comparison in Q4 in particular.

Okay. I appreciate that. If I can just ask one question on certification testing. Across the portfolio. It seems like it had been growing very strongly through the third quarter. And the fourth quarter, it decelerated a little bit to 6%. Can you kind of comment on what's driving the trend there? Is there any potential risk to sort of environment under the current administration.

Yes. We don't believe that there is a threat certification testing. Some of this is timing. Some of it is what demand our customers and customers have And as you know, we had talked in the third quarter that consumer was particularly strong in the third quarter.

And it's no reflection on the fourth quarter.

We just had a really strong third quarter in consumer. So I think across the board, we're very confident and focused on both our certification testing and our non certification testing. And the demands around that because you can't have innovation without safety.

Okay. Appreciate it. Thank you.

The next question comes from George Tong from Goldman Sachs. Please go ahead.

Hi, thanks. Good morning. You talked about hi, you talked about megatrends around energy transition, the electrification of everything, digitization, demand in industrial. Since these trends are very much long standing, should the Industrial segment be able to sustain the double digit growth that you've seen over the past seven quarters into the foreseeable future? [indiscernible] Appreciate the question. Our Our revenue guidance is on a consolidated basis, but we do see I would say the fundamental things that have been driving industrial UL we don't see material changes in those tailwinds. We'll continue to invest against those opportunities. Our comparisons are getting steeper. And we want to set realistic expectations that we expect to achieve.

Understood. And then you touched on this a little bit earlier, but can you elaborate on how you expect higher tariffs to impact the business either positively or negatively across the business.

Yes, George.

Historically, tariffs have not had a material impact on our business. And as you know, our revenues largely not dependent on volumes. But dependent on the product innovation, new product development life cycles. Now what we've seen and we've seen this since 2017, 2018 when tariffs were first introduced on Chinese goods, appliances and and other items. What we've seen was that UL, in the early days, our revenue increased in 2018.

And across 2019. So and the majority of that was organic. And where that comes from is as a manufacturer when you're facing tariffs, you're thinking about how do you balance out your costs and your situation. So you may start to shift your supply chain, change where your manufacturing UL most likely value engineering your products to swap out components or just change the overall design. In many cases, each of those require retesting. So for us, regardless of tariffs, we follow our customers as they make the good business decisions that they make about their product cost, their manufacturing locations, their end market mix.

Very helpful.

Thank you.

The next question comes from Andrew Nicholas from William Blair. Please go ahead. Hi, good morning. This is Tom Roshan for Andrew Nicholas UL.

For taking my question.

I wanted to touch on the margin guide.

I wanted to touch on the margin guide for 2025.

So you plan to reach your 24% long term margin target.

I was wondering if you kind of provide your thoughts on how you think about that as a jumping off point into 2026 and beyond and kind of the structural margin expansion going from there? And how high can those levels can go?

Yes, we appreciate the question, Tom. And you're right. At the time of the IPO, we were coming off 2023 where we recorded 21% adjusted EBITDA margin.

And we had said that we had longer term targets of greater than 24%.

So that would be a 300 basis point increase We're pleased to increase 190 basis points in 2024. And we are comfortable guiding towards approximately 24% which would be another 110 basis points improvement this year. So moving towards those longer term objectives, in our second year as a public company.

We're not going to stop there.

We do see opportunity in all three segments to grow from there. We're not in a position to update that longer term guidance more precisely at this point. But we're pleased with the progress that our teams are making.

Thank you. And then on the certification and non certification testing in the quarter, I was wondering if you can provide some detail of on the balance between volume and pricing driving growth there. And then if possible, we can have that also at the segment level between industrial and consumer? Thank you.

Yes. On a consolidated base, basis, those two revenue streams in the quarter comprised about 57% of our consolidated revenue and they lend themselves better to price volume comparisons because we are paid to complete that test. There is a measurable unit of And those revenue categories grew roughly 8% in the quarter and it was pretty even mix between price involvement volume and we're pleased with that. We're continuing to show the ability to gradually increase in compound price over time as well as getting increased demand and volume from our customers.

The next question comes from Andy Wittmann from Baird. Please go ahead.

Yes, great. Thanks. I just guess I just wanted to talk about the margins in a little bit different way. I mean, obviously, the quarter had very good adjusted EBITDA margin expansion. And so I was just wondering maybe for you Ryan, if you could just talk about was there a comp issue the EBITDA expansion so strong here. I'm just trying to think three fifty in the quarter, obviously more than last quarter and more than what you're guiding for year ahead. So I just want to understand if there's something in there. I think it might have to do with the prior year CSR expense that didn't repeat, but if there was anything else besides that, maybe you could just talk about the buildup to this year's margin performance?

Yes. Thank you for the question. I'd say the primary thing is operating leverage. When we grow on an organic basis 9.5%, I think if you look at the relationship of organic revenue growth to organic expense growth, Top line is the primary explainer.

We did have some CSAR expense in the fourth quarter of last year.

And that reduced operating income and adjusted EBITDA This year, we're adding back stock based compensation.

But that's not the story. The dollar amounts are similar And if you look at Operating income margin which removes that noise of stock based compensation and CSARs, is about 300 basis points of expansion.

So I would say overall, we had good expense management And when you grow businesses at this pace, you get higher flow through.

Okay.

That makes sense. And then guess two other ones quickly here. Just it relates to the potential pull forward on the ongoing search test, I understand that it's always hard to totally deduce. I thought your data that you provided earlier and hear about the fourth quarter being up 12%. Was UL. But I mean, the tariffs haven't been in effect yet. I would imagine it takes more than a few months To kind of stockpile, I guess, for lack of a better term, Are you seeing so far in the quarter that there's there's a downtick on the ongoing search or maybe you could describe why maybe you don't think that's going to at least benefit the first quarter here if not the second, when we've got a little bit of a reprieve, a little longer reprieve than many expected, even a couple of months ago on the tariffs.

Yes. We're not in a position to talk about first quarter activity yet. And you're right, it's difficult to know the exact drivers We can objectively say that we had an increase in activity in health help quantify that and [indiscernible] clarity on the election and the likely impact on tariffs that likely did have an impact but it's very difficult isolate that as a single factor.

And Andy, I would add customers have been facing tariffs since 2017.

So when I'm out talking to them, like I was just in Mexico recently, they've made a lot of decisions. They make decisions around their product mix. They make decisions around how they're value engineering. They make decisions around where they're putting factories. And in many cases, those decisions they've made them and now they're figuring out the right positioning for where they put their inventory or how they're going to manage their pricing. So this all plays out over a long period of time And so we may have seen a little bit of a reaction ary shift in the fourth quarter as customers were positioning themselves for 2025, but we're not expecting we're expecting it to all balance out over time as it always has. [indiscernible] And then just a quick punch list one here, Ryan. If FX rates were to stay where they are now, just for us to all calibrate our models here, what is the FX headwind either in dollar terms or percentage terms as you affect as you look at the 2025 revenue versus the 2024 revenue?

Yes.

There have been some movements in the [indiscernible] In local markets, typically, we do business in the currency of our Based on current what the market is predicting as forward rates, that would have just under 1% headwind on a reported basis for a full year 2025.

And it certainly will be different than that number, but that's what the wisdom of the market right now. As a reminder, our expenses in those markets, we pay our people in those currencies. So the majority of those items the majority of the revenue headwind is offset by an expense change. And so as just to put in context, had revenue we have currency headwind in 2024.

Was about $24,000,000 in revenue but on an EBITDA basis, it had a $5,000,000 impact So 2019 was offset with the translation of expense reduction. Super helpful. Thank you so much. Have a good day.

Thank you.

The next question comes from Josh Chan from UBS. Please go ahead.

Hi, good morning, Jenny and Ryan. Thanks for taking my questions. Maybe a bigger picture margin question. Now that you have visibility into doing 24% EBITDA margins, that's UL level is obviously solidly above what the company did pre IPO obviously ahead of 2023 and 2024. And so I guess take a step back, what is enabling you to achieve 24% margins versus maybe high teens and low 20s several years ago? I think the best place to start on that, Josh, is really fundamentally I'm in my sixth year here, Ryan's in his eighth year here. We each came from industries that have a strong focus continuous improvement We've put forth a number of changes both in single global instances of technology that then have second and third order effects business processes, productivity and overall improvements on behalf of our customers and customer service. We continue down a path of location consolidation that gives us better just better overall usage of our management and our overhead. We've extended our positions with our global and strategic accounts and really focused on their innovation needs and then down their supply chains And so it's not one singular thing. I think it's an overall attitude of continuous improvement that our entire executive team and leadership team has as a philosophy.

Great. Thank you for that, Jenny, and congrats on that. And then for your 2025 guidance of mid single digit growth, I was wondering if you could give us some color in terms of the drivers behind volume versus price versus lab capacity increases, kind of how much all of those pieces are adding to the total organic growth? Thank you.

Thanks for the question.

I would say we expect continuation of what we experienced in 2024. [indiscernible] we're still making progress on our pricing processes. We're still expanding capacity. We're still improving our go to market processes and acquiring new customers and growing our share of wallet. So I would say we don't anticipate a material change in the mix of what what's driving revenue growth.

Great. Thanks, Ryan, and thank you both for your time.

The next question comes from Stephanie Moore from Jefferies. Please go ahead.

Good morning. This is Carol Lanto on for Steph Moore. So I guess Just wanted to touch on the M and A front. You guys have done a few tuck in acquisitions in 2024. Just wanted to know, are you thinking about 2025?

On the M and A front, would you be is the company interested in looking at doing any platform or larger deals are just continuing to focus on tuck in deals, any specific segments the company is looking to target, anything around your M and A closely Thanks, Harold. And we're very active in every one of our segments in being in conversations all over the world. Any scale that makes sense with our strategy. And our strategy is around product safety, our strategy is around product safety being propelled by those megatrends. And what we find time and time again in these conversations is because we've been in business for one hundred and thirty years, and we're recognized as an attractive permanent home for many founders across safety, security, and sustainability [indiscernible] product tick. The way we see it is M and A timing reflects opportunities as they're presented to us and as we go [indiscernible] that analysis around strategic fit [indiscernible] interface with the megatrends and overall supporting our mission. So that's how we think about it.

Great. Thank you. And I guess, you guys have no looks as though mean, you have several mega transits here. Focusing on, but in the global HVAC, it seems as though that's been a really negative trend the company has leaned in. So if you could talk discuss the demand trends you're seeing there and any other increased investments with respect to your that you'll be planning to make in 2025? And I guess just to piggyback off the last question. I'm sorry if I missed it. Could you provide your would you expect pricing to run in 2025? And what's internal inflation running in the company and Yes, on those price increases, any pushback you're getting.

I'll start with the megatrend. And then I'll let Ryan answer the pricing. Our continued focus on that global energy transition It's real. So we've completed last year our Auburn Hills Michigan battery lab, Korea battery lab, we've announced extensions into our Mexico labs that also reflect the needs that are tied to these underlying trends in the global energy transition and the electrification of everything. We also announced just last week our Global Fire Science Center of Excellence investments that we're making [indiscernible] where that really fits in again on this energy transition on these megatrends is testing the building and the fire safety. One of the biggest challenges in battery safety is thermal runaway. And so testing connectors and closures and other building and fire safety products is essential UL. And this is needed all over the world. And we're also excited about investing in greater degrees of applied R and D in those areas. So we're continuing down our trajectory of CapEx to support these what we view as exciting developments in all parts of the world. And they are connected. As I said earlier, when you look at digitalization, you talk about the way that that's changing both consumer technology It's also changing The the power energy needs in data centers and that is contributing to the increased growth in power generation changing the needs around transmission, changing the needs around storage, changing the needs around usage.

So it all fits together with both our industrial and our consumer business and we love these megatrends.

And then in regard to internal inflation, We've definitely seen a moderation in the last two years in wage and competitive market for talent. People costs are our largest expense.

But I would say it's a slower pace of growth. We're pleased that we offset that last last year. With our pricing initiatives [indiscernible] at this point, we're not anticipating material headwinds in wage and other costs in Thank you. The next question comes from Arthur Trussellov from Citi. Please go ahead. Hi, Jenny. Hi, Ryan. Thanks very much.

For taking my questions. A few if I can. First question from me. Obviously, there could be a reasonably substantial FX headwind in 2025.

Can you and which obviously you touched on. Can you just talk about the impact on margins arising from FX, because clearly your peers talk about this quite a lot. And I was just wondering whether you could sort of say whether there is a margin headwind arising or in detail when arising from FX. Second question, You talked about the potential pull forward of revenues within ongoing certification. Are you able to say Whether that was within the UL division whether it was in the Consumer division or was it indeed a bit of both as keen to sort of understand a little bit about that. And then I guess the third question really on the consumer side. So obviously margins are a little bit below what consensus had in mind, but obviously still up. I was just wondering if you could talk about how significant the contribution [indiscernible] staff incentives were to any margin headwind. I just want to confirm that it was right to think that any sort of staff bonuses awarded in Q4 or accrued in Q4 would relate to the full year 2024, so not just Q4 performance?

Thank you.

Yes. I'll start by going a little bit deeper into foreign exchange. Exchange and the impact on our business model. And the current the current forward rates would imply roughly a 1% headwind.

Would say to to see the impact on our business we do break out historically impact of FX on a constant currency basis in revenue and on operating income. So you can infer the impact on [indiscernible] expenses and we do that also by each segment. So there's a fair amount of detail on the historic relationship. We are a profitable company. So when there is a reduction that's more impactful than the reduction in expenses. So it does We're not immune to it, but it's offset It's mostly offset by reduction in the translated cost of of expenses. I would say and what you will see in that by segment, is that our consumer segment is [indiscernible] more susceptible to FX changes It is a very global business. All of our businesses are global, but that business in particular has had a bit more FX volatility. [indiscernible] And then ongoing certification services It So it's reasonable UL infer that it had a a larger impact on industrial than consumer. But ongoing certification services are an important revenue stream for both our consumer and industrial segment. We don't break out that that revenue those revenue streams by segment but it is reasonable to think that that was a bigger impact in Incentives on consumers.

Yes.

So we recognize incentives in our expenses over the period in which we're earned. They're earned. So there weren't material changes in the quarter related to incentives compared to [indiscernible] There were changes in the geography in which they're reported. And what those incentives were from cash settled incentives to stock based compensation. But the dollar amount in the Q4 of last year and Q4 of this year was very similar.

The next question comes from Shlomo Rosenbaum from Stifel. Please go ahead.

Hi. Thank you for taking my questions. Jenny, you touched on this a little, but maybe you could take Just go back and give us a little more detail on what's going on in the demand for the battery labs and you thinking of building new ones Can you discuss any plans you might have over the next several UL? In that area? And we've mentioned I think beforehand a lot of what you're building, you have a lot of kind of I don't know if you call it pre leasing, but a lot of demand to fill it up.

Can you discuss how this is trending and is this going in the way you thought better worse, just start on that and then I have a couple of follow ups.

Great.

Our battery testing business is going very well. And when you step back and look at the progression, we opened Chengzhou, China And 2021. We opened we then announced the Korea Battery Lab We announced the building of the North American Battery Lab And last year, we did the acquisition [indiscernible] battery engineer in Germany serves as a hub for a European battery lab and perspective. So we've got global coverage and we continue to see This growth in battery testing needs not just in vehicles, but in UL, you need it not just autos, buses, commercial vehicles, construction equipment, agricultural electrification of everything is occurring across all vehicles. But even more broadly than that, the energy storage systems that are required as there's a shift in energy sources more you shift to renewables, the more opportunity or requirements or needs that there are to store that energy that's created for use in times that not out or the wind's not blowing.

So the rapid growth in the AI data centers is also contributing to the types of industrial scale batteries as well as just the overall industrial their needs for energy storage. So we are very pleased with what's going on in our battery labs. And we continue to believe at this global energy transition, will propel That business. Okay. Thank you. And then, Ryan, on Slide 11 in the presentation, you have a comment on the margin, the revenue growth partially offset by increases in services and materials. What does this mean exactly? Is that wage inflation? Like what are the materials and what are the services? Do you have consultants in there? [indiscernible] So sometimes when volume grows, we subcontract a portion of our testing services to other parties. Sometimes a test is very complicated and we're accredited for every part of the test that needs to do and need to be done in other times, we choose to work with partners for portions of it. So the comment there was just with 13.9% organic revenue growth Our expenses related to our voluntary related expenses related to we put it in a category services and materials broad category, but it's mostly outsourced labs and professional services.

And let me add, Stilmo, I think you'll reach our CapEx philosophy is that we want to understand what the demand is in the marketplace in advance of us committing capital. And so what you also see sometimes in services and materials is that we're out there working with customers to service their demand, but we haven't completed our capacity yet. And therefore we need to supplement that with outside professional services.

Is that what was going on this quarter? Or was primarily there's so much volume that it was mainly subcontracting to handle the volume?

I would say it was both.

I would say it's both. We are We're evaluating some new service lines and a mix of that is third party services and that may change over time if we see sustained demand that fits with our customers' needs in ways that that provide attractive returns, we may capability in house over time.

Great. Thank you.

Great. Thank you very much.

The next question comes from Jason Haas from Wells Fargo. Please go ahead.

Hey, good morning and thanks for taking my questions. Curious if you could talk about the drivers of the acceleration in the software business, which was nice see I remember last quarter you announced the win of a large beauty retailer. So I was curious if that helped drive that acceleration. Thanks.

I'm so glad you asked because I love talking about the prospects of our software business and in particular the way that ULTRIS platform is helping contribute to growth there. And we saw software growth really in all of our business [indiscernible] doing a great job with software. But we are seeing as to your point, particular strength in the retail product compliance So as we indicated last quarter, large beauty retailer coming on to our Works platform which extends through their supply chain. We also saw strength in ESG data and reporting as well as the benchmarks offering that we have that really helps compare and contrast the the strength of processors in in systems. So I would say our sales transformation is taking root. The things I've been looking for is renewal churn down, is average contract renewal times up, Are we seeing improvements in annual recurring revenue? Are we seeing increases in bookings? And all of these things contributed to our fourth quarter organic growth in software.

That's great to hear.

And this was touched on some of the earlier questions. I wanted to follow-up on the expectation for CapEx being 7% to 8% of revenue You're clearly getting really good ROI on your CapEx So I'm curious what sort of conversations you had when deciding that number for this year.

It a function of you still have plenty of capacity in the existing facilities you've built? Are you waiting to see how supply chain shifts Just any insights on how you're thinking about that would be helpful.

I'll start. Our teams have no shortage of good ideas. They're out there talking to customers every single day from our field engineers who are making hundreds of thousands of visits in a year to customers' factory location to our engineers and our safety scientists who are getting insight into new product development pipelines, to our global and strategic accounts managers who are out there talking with our largest customers, those global customers all over the world. So no shortage of ideas that come in. And then then our process is to really evaluate where do we believe those services, those needs are durable And then what is the best way for us providing them. And we continue to really fundamentally be very pleased with the outcomes of our CapEx return on capital there. And we'll continue to invest where there are Got it. Thank you.

This concludes our question and answer session.

Thank you, everyone, for joining us today. As always, appreciate your support and we look forward to updating you on our progress in the next quarter.

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