Byzantine art frequently incorporated military symbolism, reflecting the empire's martial culture and the perceived divine protection of its armed forces. Military saints, such as Saint Theodore Teron, were popular subjects in Byzantine imagery and believed to be celestial guardians of the empire1. These saints were often depicted as physically fit and engaged in vigorous action, contrasting with the more ascetic representations of monks and bishops1.

The archangel Michael, venerated as a military saint, was commonly portrayed with warrior attributes in Byzantine art2. Military imagery extended beyond religious figures to include emperors, as seen in the mosaic of Justinian in Saint Vitale, where he is flanked by soldiers bearing shields with Christ's initials3. This blending of secular and religious symbolism in military contexts was characteristic of Byzantine art, reflecting the empire's fusion of political and spiritual authority34. Such military-themed artworks, from small portable objects to large-scale mosaics, served not only decorative purposes but also as talismans believed to offer protection and invoke divine aid in battle15.

King Solomon holds significant importance in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, revered for his wisdom and role as a prophet. In Judaism and Christianity, he is celebrated as the builder of the First Temple in Jerusalem, a pivotal symbol of faith12. Solomon's writings, including Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, and Song of Solomon, are considered sacred texts that offer profound insights into life, love, and spirituality32.

In Islam, Solomon (known as Sulaiman) is honored as a messenger of God and is believed to have possessed supernatural abilities, including the power to communicate with animals and control jinn4. His legacy transcends religious boundaries, with his wisdom and teachings continuing to influence religious doctrines, philosophy, and literature across these faiths2. However, Solomon's story also serves as a cautionary tale, as his later life was marked by idolatry and disobedience to God, leading to divine punishment and the eventual division of his kingdom56.

The discovery of the Solomon pendant in Hadrianopolis highlights significant advancements in Anatolian archaeology. This rare find sheds light on the religious and military significance of the region during the Byzantine era1. The pendant's depiction of Solomon, a figure revered across Abrahamic faiths, underscores the area's importance as a religious hub2. Additionally, recent excavations at Çatalhöyük have yielded groundbreaking discoveries, including the world's oldest fermented bread dating back to 6,600 BC3. These findings demonstrate Turkey's pivotal role in food archaeology and early human settlements, further cementing Anatolia's position as a crucial site for understanding ancient civilizations34.