OpenAI's ChatGPT models, including GPT-3.5, GPT-4, and the newer GPT-4o and GPT-4 Turbo, represent a significant evolution in AI language processing, each offering unique capabilities and trade-offs in terms of performance, efficiency, and cost. As reported by OpenAI, these models range from the affordable and fast GPT-3.5 Turbo to the advanced, multimodal GPT-4o, catering to a wide array of applications from simple tasks to complex, multi-step reasoning.
OpenAI offers a range of GPT models, each designed for specific use cases and performance requirements. The following table provides an overview of the key models and their characteristics:
Model | Description | Context Window | Training Data |
---|---|---|---|
GPT-3.5 Turbo | Fast, inexpensive model for simple tasks | 16,384 tokens | Up to 2022 |
GPT-4 | High-intelligence model for complex tasks | 8,192 tokens | Up to 2023 |
GPT-4 Turbo | Optimized for speed and efficiency | 128,000 tokens | Up to Dec 2023 |
GPT-4o (Omni) | Multimodal flagship model | 128,000 tokens | Up to Oct 2023 |
GPT-4o mini | Affordable, intelligent small model | 128,000 tokens | Up to Oct 2023 |
O1-preview and O1-mini | Models for complex reasoning tasks | Varies | Not specified |
GPT-4o (Omni) is the latest flagship model, offering multimodal capabilities and improved performance across languages and vision tasks12. GPT-4o mini provides a cost-effective alternative for simpler tasks, while the O1 models are specialized for complex reasoning32. Each model offers a balance of capabilities, context length, and cost to suit different application needs.
The latest GPT models show significant improvements in performance across various metrics. Here's a comparison of key performance indicators for GPT-3.5 Turbo, GPT-4 Turbo, and GPT-4o:
Metric | GPT-3.5 Turbo | GPT-4 Turbo | GPT-4o |
---|---|---|---|
Tokens per second | 67.83 | 35.68 | 63.32 |
Latency | Moderate | High | Low |
Accuracy (customer support ticket resolution) | Not reported | 83.33% | 88% |
Verbal reasoning accuracy | Not reported | 50% | 69% |
Vision evaluation (MMMU) | Not applicable | 63.1 | 69.1 |
GPT-4o demonstrates superior performance in most areas, with significantly lower latency and higher accuracy compared to GPT-4 Turbo12. While GPT-3.5 Turbo remains the fastest in terms of tokens per second, GPT-4o offers a balance of speed and advanced capabilities3. In handling complex queries, GPT-4o excels with its improved multimodal processing and enhanced reasoning abilities4. However, both GPT-4 Turbo and GPT-4o still face challenges in tasks involving complex data extraction, spatial reasoning, and pattern recognition4.