status of deep fake ai threats

The threat of deepfake AI is a growing concern for cybersecurity and society. Deepfakes are an emergent type of threat that utilize a form of artificial intelligence to alter existing or create new audio or audio-visual content

. The vast majority of threats to individuals are related to nonconsensual pornography, but cybercriminals also use deepfake technology to conduct online fraud

. For example, a recent scheme utilized artificially generated audio to match an energy company CEO’s voice, and when the fake “CEO” called an employee to wire money, his slight German accent and voice cadence matched perfectly

. Deepfake threats fall into four main categories: societal, legal, personal, and traditional cybersecurity

. Despite a lack of consensus on how deepfakes impact society, policymakers and social media giants have attempted to quell the technology’s negative repercussions. Technology companies like Facebook and Google are spending resources to detect deepfakes through efforts such as Facebook’s Deep Fake Detection Challenge

. A central safeguard against deepfake attacks involves educating those who could be affected. Knowing that such attacks are possible should give potential targets a more differentiated ability to assess the authenticity of material they see or hear, taking the respective source into account

. Legal regulations can serve as a barrier to the circulation of deepfakes that are not clearly marked as fake

. Overall, deepfake technology is still in its nascent stage. As the technology improves, we will likely begin to see more solutions for detecting and preventing deepfakes. However, there is also concern that deepfake laws risk being both overreaching but also toothless, and that governments could use the rules to curtail free speech

. With limited precedent in the field, lawmakers around the world are looking for test cases to mimic

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